Kimwipes and buffer solutions and nitrile gloves oh my! |
In This Post:
- My pH kit haul
- Prepping my gadgets
- Test results
- Lots of science blather about Vitamin C, BHA, and AHA
- Whether it's worth going to all this effort
- What's worth buying & where to get it
Over the last year, my interest in beauty products has shifted; I am as enamoured of Asian beauty products as ever, but now I'm highly curious about the science of skincare.
If you've been following my blog, you may have noticed that I have started looking deeper into the ingredients of my products, especially those that are considered 'actives' and therefore expected to have reliable results, and doing a lot of research on the science of skin and skincare, such as my Skincare Discovery: Why the pH of Your Cleanser Matters post, where I get granular about why pH is so integral to the health of your skin.
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However, doing science-at-home isn't easy, and some of the questions I get are how to test your products effectively at home, which pH strips to use, and how to test the pH of lipids (oils, fats, etc). The problem is, pH testing works via measuring an aqueous (i.e. water-based) solution. Spoiler alert: you can't at-home test oils, although pH testing oils is a part of fuel manufacturing. That being said, unless you are planning on refining diesel in your basement (in which case, I don't want to know) at-home oil testing is off the table with current methods.
One of the easiest and cheapest ways to pH test your products is with pH strips, and for most products, these work great. I used to have the kind that looks like a roll of tape which you tear off a piece as you need to, and then compare it to a series of whole number and then guess. I find the kind with multiple colour references on a single strip is easiest to be accurate with, although you still have to guess. I don't like guessing.
pH strip result for my tap water. Is it pH 7? 7.25? 7.5? Who knows?? (Spoiler: my water is actually 7.55) |
It's not such a big deal when it comes to things like face creams and cleansers, where you have a wide range of acceptable pH goals (see the above Skincare Discovery post link for details) but when you are dealing with pH-dependent ingredients such as acids (LAA, BHA, AHA, PHA, etc) a 0.2 difference can make or break its function as an exfoliant. At least, that's what my research has lead me to believe.
Precision is less of an issue if you have something like an AHA, which is tolerant of a pH of 3-4.5 (above 4.5, you are going to lose the efficacy of exfoliation, although you may still get other benefits) so if your pH strip result looks like it's approximately pH 4, you should be fine. Maybe it's really pH 3.75 or 4.25, but 'approximately 4' is within the acceptable range.
When you get a BHA, however, that range narrows to below 4.2, so 'approximately 4' could potentially be too high. LAA (one of the popular Vitamin C serum sources) is even more sensitive, requiring a pH of less than 3.5. [source]
So while chatting with a NMR-based metabolomics research scientist (aka a lady who knows her way around pH testing fluids) and learning about limitations of pH strips when testing acids, I decided to purchase a digital pH meter at her recommendation.
My pH kit haul
The first one I bought was a bust, as the electrode was embedded inside a giant base that had to be immersed in the liquid until the electrode was covered. This is fine for dunking into an aquarium, swimming pool, or any other large body of fluid. Testing a $60 face serum, where every drop is precious? Uh, no. I'm not willing to sacrifice a third of a bottle or jar of a product for testing purposes.Tiny screwdriver NOT included! |
This meter is a 2 point manual calibration, which means that you have to purchase 2 specific buffering/calibration solutions (pictured at the top of this post), one of which is 'neutral' (usually 7.01) and one that is either low (4.01) or high (10.1) for the 2nd calibration point.
These solutions are tricky/expensive to buy online, so I had to go old school and call around to my local fish supply stores. After a very talking to an increasingly mystified employee there, they ordered me in the pH solutions I needed, which were less than $2 ea so I had them get me a 7.01, 4.01, and 10.1.
I am not sure what he thought I was up to, but he finally asked me flat-out what I was using it for, and when I explained it was to pH test my skincare for my blog, he became strangely excited which makes me think that he was either encouraged that girls are nerds too, relieved that I wasn't trying to cook up some sort of Fight-Club-Soap operation, or that he's just really into pH testing?
Prepping my gadgets
At said scientist's recommendation, I also picked up some Kimwipes and powder-free Nitrile gloves, and some distilled water for rinsing as I test. Safety first, you know!The meter did not come with a screwdriver to adjust the Calibration screws at the top, but luckily my husband had one in his stash of electronics
I had assembled all my gear and was excited to start, when I read the instructions (pictured at left) which requires it to be soaked in pH solution for hours before initial calibration.
Cue extreme disappointment. Then I realized I had neglected to get beakers or test tubes to create the narrow container I needed, and scrambled around in my kitchen until I found a wineglass (DON'T JUDGE ME, it was all I had, ok?!) that dipped down into the stem and gave me the narrow-but-deep shape I needed. Per the instructions, I poured some of the pH 7.01 solution into the glass and soaked probe for a few hours. The calibration instructions, including how to complete the 2 point calibration is below:
I used the 4.01 solution (instead of the 10.01, which I am saving for another time) and found that it takes a long, long time for the readings to stabilize before you adjust them. I recommend making yourself a coffee, watching something on youtube, or walking your dog. It's going to be a while.
Once I had it calibrated, I went crazy testing my pH dependent products. Vitamin C serum not tested or pictured because I am out. What fascinated me about this test was that the digital results were actually lower than what my pH strip estimates were, which was a good thing.
After each test, I thoroughly rinsed the probe, dried it with Kimwipes, and stored/reset it in the 4.01 buffer solution while I cleaned and dried my other wineglass between products. I did not adjust the calibration each time I returned it to the 4.01, as I presumed I was contaminating the pH each time I double-dipped the electrode back into it, but it only went up to 4.07 by the end so I'm confident that at most it was reading my products approximately 0.06 higher than they really are.
Test results
Mizon AHA & BHA Daily Clean toner result: 4.30
This was interesting, because I had previously pH strip estimated a 4.25-4.5 range, so I was relieved to see that my estimate was accurate. As I mentioned above, that's low enough for AHA but too high for BHA. Either way, the concentration in this toner is too low for use as a deliberate chemical exfoliation, but that's not what it's used for.
It's great as a pH adjuster for the skin; when using pH dependent products your skin needs to be at a natural/low pH before use, so you can either let your skin self-adjust after cleansing by waiting 15 minutes, or you can force the pH down with a product if you are rushed/live in a dry climate. This toner is excellent at the latter. That's how I use it, as well as cleaning off the post-acid-exfoliation sludge of dissolved dead skin and sebum before applying the rest of my products.
Cosrx BHA Blackhead Power Liquid results: 3.37
My original pH strip estimate was 3.5ish, which was fine for a BHA but I am pleased to see that this landed between 3-3.5 which is right in the 'butter zone' for BHA. If you use BHA and AHA in the same routine, your BHA will be first for two reasons: 1. it has a lower pH dependency than AHA, and 2. BHA is oil-soluble so it can get down-n-dirty into your sebum-choked pores and do its battles there. This clears the way for AHA, which is not oil soluble and thus would otherwise have its efficacy reduced.
Mizon AHA 8% Peeling Serum result: 3.89
My pH strip estimation for this one was 4, so still close but I'm relieved to see it's in the 3.5-4 range. However, since it is over 3.5, I don't layer it over my BHA to avoid disrupting the pH zone it's working in (which is best below 3.5) and wait 20 min after BHA before applying my AHA serum. I then wait another 20 min to let the AHA do its thing, and then carry on with the rest of my products.
Whether it's worth going to all this effort
Will I break this out to test every new product? Honestly no, because it's a pain in the ass and requires recalibration each time you take it out of storage; it's stored with solution in the cap (pictured in the image with the screwdriver) to keep the probe from drying off, but it still needs to be rechecked for accuracy (and adjusted if need be) before use. That means keeping plenty of the buffering solution on hand as well.
The results showed me that my pH strips + eyeball estimates are close enough for non-pH dependent products like serums, essences, cleansers, etc. So for 80% of my products, the strips are fine.
However, if I am testing pH dependent products that have specific pH requirements, I will definitely break out this kit and get all Mad Scientist in my kitchen.
What's worth buying & where to get it
Since the strips will get you close enough for everyday use, they're the best way to go. Cheap, readily available, and simple to use. You can even stash them in your bag for quick testing in-store if you're on a shopping trip. Avoid the single-indicator strips. They're less precise, so I get this type instead:
Multiple indicators for the win! |
I've used and liked:
Have you gone wild with pH testing testing goodies in your skincare wardrobe? Hit me up on Facebook or Twitter and let me know!
Have something you'd like to share with me in general? Snap a pic and tag me on Instagram at @snowwhiteandtheasianpear because I'd love to see it!
All the best,
-Cat
**Disclaimer: All products I review on my blog are 100% purchased with my own money, with a single exception of a press sample I tested & reviewed in 2015 which swore me off of them forever. Personal gifts from friends & family will also be identified. This blog contains both affiliate and non-affiliate links, and clicking the former before you shop means that this blog may receive a small commission to assist in this blog supporting itself. Please see my Contact Info & Disclaimer policy for more information.
This is beautiful. I was looking into getting one myself but the recalibration stopped me - it IS a total pain! Still, the conversation with the aquarium man shows your dedication to skincare!
ReplyDeleteLove your posts as always, Snow White :)
Yes, the recalibration and ongoing need for fresh buffering solution is definitely a drawback.:( I wonder how many whackadoo requests people at a fish store get?
Deleteyaaassssss *evil scientist voice*, but in all seriousness, this is amazing and much appreciated!
ReplyDeleteEvil yet fabulous scientists unite!
DeleteYou wonderful wonderful mad scientist! I'm so glad you have the same BHA as me - I love it so much and it would have been pretty embarrassing to have raved about it so much to everyone and then it turn out to be the wrong pH!
ReplyDeleteThanks so much for doing this!!
The Cosrx BHA is magnificent! As you can see, I'm dangerously low on the Mizon AHA BHA toner and I'm planning to check out Cosrx's equivalent toner to see if it's an alternative the one I use.
Deletewow! this brings me back to high school lab. i hated this class but if it involved skincare, i probably would have enjoyed it more. lol.
ReplyDeleteChie | The Brown Eyed Fox
I regret that I remember almost nothing from my high school science classes, other than there are microorganisms in everything, and that mixing cleaning chemicals may make you pass out. I regret missing out on the no doubt glorious chemistry apparatus that I could have tinkered with.
DeleteWe searched the pH level of the Cosrx BHA Blackhead Power Liquid and what shall we say: Thank you! We ordered pH stripes but they will take some time. So again thanks a lot :D. We also love Snail Mucin. Have you ever tried the Cosrx Snail 96 Mucin Essence?
ReplyDeleteDouble greetings, Annalena and Magdalena
I have not yet tried the Cosrx Snail products but they're definitely on my wishlist! My to-try list is a mile long so it will be some time before I get to them, but they're definitely on my radar. You know how I love me some snails! ;)
DeleteCan you not dip the pH meter into the product bottle itself instead of a wine glass?
ReplyDeleteI would hesitate to do that in case I am introducing foreign matter into the full bottle of product (it's super dusty here) but also because often the mouth of the bottle is too small to fit the probe of the pH metre. :(
ReplyDeleteHey Cat, have you ever tried Innisfree's Green tea fresh skin (toner)? I've been using it before my actives and I suspect it might not have the most ideal pH level but all this time I was just like... YOLO! But now that I'm getting more and more serious into skin care I feel like I really should be more concerned about the pH level of the things I put on my face D: Also I see that you r using the Corsx blackhead liquid, I tried it and saw no results, also I find that if I use my fingers to apply it the stuff would forms tiny bubbles which is very annoying. Have you had any luck with it? (sorry if you have a review on it already, I'm a new visitor)
ReplyDeleteI have not, mostly because I don't trust most toners to be pH adjusting unless they've been designed as acid-type toners-- they usually have a lot of moisturizing ingredients in them. :)
DeleteI find that if I really work liquid products into my skin, a milky/bubbly residue can form, although I cannot recall if the BHA did that or not.
Take care,
-Cat